Weather in Al-Qassim

Overview

Minţaqat al Qaşīm, commonly known as Al-Qassim Region, is one of the thirteen administrative regions of Saudi Arabia. Located almost in the center of the country, Al-Qassim is known for its rich agricultural sector and is often referred to as "the food basket of Saudi Arabia". This article will delve into the climate and weather patterns of Al-Qassim throughout the year.

Climate Classification

The climate in Al-Qassim is classified as desert under the Köppen Climate Classification system. The desert climate, or BWh, is characterized by low annual rainfall, dry air, and a high evaporation rate. This results in both extremely hot summers and cool winters.

Temperature

Summer

The summer season in Al-Qassim, which stretches from May to September, can be extremely hot. The average high temperature during the summer months can reach around 41-45°C (105-113°F).

Winter

Winter in Al-Qassim, from November to February, is significantly cooler. The average high temperature ranges from 20-25°C (68-77°F), while the average low temperature can drop to 8-12°C (46-53°F).

Humidity and Rainfall

Al-Qassim has low humidity levels due to its desert climate. The annual average relative humidity is around 30-35%. The region receives minimal rainfall, with an average annual precipitation of approximately 80-100 millimeters. The highest rainfall usually occurs in the months of April and May.

Wind Patterns

Wind patterns in Al-Qassim vary throughout the year. The region can experience strong winds during the transitional seasons of spring and fall. The Shamal winds, which blow from the north and northwest, are common during this period. These winds can cause dust storms, affecting visibility and air quality in the region.

Seasonal Changes

Spring

Spring in Al-Qassim, which usually lasts from March to May, is characterized by mild temperatures and occasional rainfall. The average high temperature during this season ranges from 29-38°C (84-100°F).

Fall

Autumn in Al-Qassim, from September to November, sees a gradual drop in temperature. The average high temperature during this season ranges from 29-38°C (84-100°F).

Conclusion

Despite its desert climate, Al-Qassim has a diverse weather pattern that changes throughout the year. The region experiences extreme heat during the summer, cooler temperatures in the winter, and mild weather during the spring and fall. Its low humidity and rainfall levels are consistent with its desert climate classification.

References

• Climate-Data.org. (n.d.). Climate: Al Qassim - Climate graph, Temperature graph, Climate table. Retrieved from https://en.climate-data.org/asia/saudi-arabia/al-qassim/al-qassim-7247/
• World Weather Online. (n.d.). Al-Qassim Weather, Saudi Arabia. Retrieved from https://www.worldweatheronline.com/al-qassim-weather/saudi-arabia/sa/